musica Dei donum
CD reviews
"Ferveur & Extase" (Fervour & Ecstasy)
Stéphanie d'Oustrac, mezzo-sopranoa
Amarillis
Dir: Héloïse Galliard, Violaine Cochard
rec: Sept 20 - 23, 2010, Jujurieux, Espace culturel C.J. Bonnet
Ambronay Éditions - AMY027 (© 2011) (64'18")
Liner-notes: E/D/F; lyrics - translations: E/F
Cover & track-list
Francesco CAVALLI (1602-1676):
Canzon [5];
La Didone (1641) (Lamento di Didone)a;
Michelangelo FAGGIOLI (1666-1733):
Didone abbandonata da Enea, cantata a voce solaa;
Andrea FALCONIERI (1585-1656):
Passacalle [2];
Biagio MARINI (c1587-1663):
Sinfonia primo tuono [3];
Sinfonia sesto tuono [3];
Claudio MONTEVERDI (1567-1643):
Pianto della Madonnaa [1];
Henry PURCELL (1659-1695):
Dido and Aeneas (Z 626) (Thy hand, Belinda - When I am laid in earth, recit & aria)a;
Luigi ROSSI (c1597-1663):
L'Orfeo (Les pleurs d'Orphée ayant perdu sa femme (Fantaisie));
Alessandro SCARLATTI (1660-1725):
Concerto for recorder, two violins and bc in F (grave);
Concerto VII for recorder, two violins and bc in D (allegro - adagio);
Concerto IX for recorder, two violins and bc in a minor (largo - fuga);
La Didone delirante (Sinfonia; Se non di me del Regno, recit [II,7]; Caro nome, aria [II,7]; Ma la mente agitata, recit [II,7]; Infelice e che miro - Furie, turbini dell'onde, recit & aria [III,11])a;
Barbara STROZZI (1619-c1664):
O Mariaa [4]
Sources:
[1] Claudio Monteverdi, Selva morale e spirituale, 1641;
[2] Andrea Falconieri, Il primo libro di canzone, sinfonie, fantasie, capricci, brandi, correnti, gagliarde, alemane, volte, 1650;
[3] Biagio Marini, Per ogni sorte di strumento musicale diversi generi di sonate, da chiesa, e da camera, op. 22, 1655;
[4] Barbara Strozzi, Sacri musicali affetti, libro I, op. 5, 1655;
[5] Francesco Cavalli, Musiche sacre concernenti messa, e salmi concertati con istromenti, imni, antifone et sonate, 1656
Héloïse Gaillard, recorder;
Alice Piérot, Gilone Gaubert-Jacques, violin;
Fanny Paccoud, viola;
Emmanuel Jacques, cello;
Richard Myron, violone;
Monica Pustilnik, archlute;
Violaine Cochard, harpsichord, organ
One of the features of the baroque era is that sacred and secular music are not strictly separated. Music which was first set to a secular text could easily be used later for a sacred text, without anyone taking offence. Moreover, stylistically there often wasn't that much of a difference between the two genres. Both aspects come to the fore in the programme which Amarillis has recorded with the mezzo-soprano Stéphanie d'Oustrac.
The title, 'Fervour and ecstasy', reflects the character of the vocal items. Two figures are at the centre: Dido and the Virgin Mary. In her liner-notes Héloïse Gaillard writes: "The voice of the Virgin and that of Queen Dido echo one another. The latter's passionate love for Aeneas amd her desolation after he has abandoned her is answered by Mary's fervour." This has been the guide for the choice of music. The first part is devoted to Dido. After a canzona by Francesco Cavalli we hear the 'Lamento di Didone' from his opera La Didone. It dates from 1641 and was only his third opera. That means that it is stylistically close to the late operas of Monteverdi, in which the principle of recitar cantando (speechlike singing) still dominates. Fairly recently an opera on the same subject by Alessandro Scarlatti has been rediscovered, La Didone delirante, dating from 1696. Here we find the trademarks of the style which had developed in the late 17th century, of which Scarlatti was one of the forerunners: the division in recitatives and arias. Two pairs of these have been selected, which are interspersed by some movements from sonatas for recorder and strings. This is motivated by the wish to "immerse the listener more deeply in the affects of these arias". Personally I find this decision rather unfortunate as it breaks up the tension which has been built up. In the genre of the chamber cantata the character of Dido also frequently turns up. Didone abbandonata da Enea by Franco Faggioli, like Scarlatti a composer born in Naples, begins with a recitative: "O deceptions, O betrayals! Stop, cruel Aeneas, stop and listen". Like so many chamber cantatas of that time it comprises two pairs of recitatives and arias. Surprisingly the title of this cantata isn't mentioned in the track-list or the liner-notes.
The second part is about the Virgin Mary. The best-known piece is Il pianto della Madonna by Claudio Monteverdi. It is an example of music which was originally used for a secular text, the 'Lamento d'Arianna' from his lost opera Arianna. The version with a sacred text was printed in Monteverdi's large collection of sacred music, Selva morale e spirituale, of 1641. It is in every way as expressive and dramatic as its secular predecessor. Mary expresses her sadness and despair while seeing her son die on the cross: "Now let me die, my son. For what mother can be comforted in this cruel sorrow, in this torment so hard to bear?" Of a quite different character is O Maria by Barbara Strozzi, the most famous female composer of the 17th century. This is no lament; the 'fervour and ecstasy' are of a quite different kind here. It is a piece which expresses a deep-felt and highly emotional devotion to the Virgin Mary. Its first lines - which are repeated after the two stanzas which follow - are telling: "O Mary, how beautiful you are, how sweet, how comely, how beautiful you are!" The difference with texts expressing secular love is negligible.
The programme surprisingly ends with a piece by Purcell, the famous lament of Dido from his opera Dido and Aeneas. Its choice is odd considering that the other items of the programme are by Italian composers. On the other hand, the Italian influence on Purcell clearly comes to the fore here. Unfortunately it is the least convincing item in the programme. I have heard more dramatic accounts of this lament. I have no idea why a recorder is used in the closing ritornello.
The Italian items are very well performed, though. In previous recordings Stéphanie d'Oustrac has shown her dramatic qualities, and they shine here again, also thanks to her strong low register. She dives into the music and expresses the affects evocatively, and meets the requirements of recitar cantando quite well. She could have been a little more generous in her ornamentation. The ensemble performs the instrumental items beautifully.
All in all, this is a fine disc with a nice mixture of more or less familiar and hardly-known items.
Johan van Veen (© 2012)
Relevant links:
Stéphanie d'Oustrac
Amarillis